Team dynamics are the unspoken rules and interpersonal interactions that drive a team's performance. That means that the dynamics of a team determine how people communicate, make decisions, and work together towards common goals. Good team dynamics can lead to high productivity, creativity, and innovation in the workplace. Bad team dynamics can lead to dysfunction, conflict, and missed deadlines. In today's fast-paced and competitive workplace, mastering team dynamics is no longer a nice-to-have but a must-have skill for any organization to thrive.

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In this article, we'll illustrate real life examples of both good and bad team dynamics in the workplace. Furthermore, we'll discuss some of the consequences that come from bad team dynamics, as well as tips on how you can improve your team dynamics.

Examples of good team dynamics in the workplace

The statistics are clear: high-performing teams get more done and have more fun while doing it. McKinsey’s studies have repeatedly shown the relationship between team performance and both team and individual output: top-performing leadership teams are three times likelier to generate above-average results, and individuals are five times more productive when working in a high-performing team than they are in an average one.

And it’s not just about getting work done. Members of high-performance teams also enjoy their work more. Psychologists studied 1,004 employees over five years and showed that high-performance contributes significantly to an individual’s satisfaction with their work. Group dynamics in the workplace can make all the difference.

Looking for examples of team norms? Check out 35+ team norms examples, and our guide to creating your own.

So what constitutes a team with good team dynamics? Here are 8 things you can look for, with real life examples of how teams exhibit these effective team dynamics.

1. Clear communication

Clear communication is the backbone of any successful team. It's like a high-octane engine - when every gear understands its role, the whole machine runs smoothly. And it's not just about talking more; it's about making sure every team member understands the goals, tasks, and feedback. For example, let's say your team is building a rocket for a science project. If everyone knows exactly what part they're responsible for and when to do it, you're more likely to see that rocket soar high!

Want to benchmark your team's communication? Check out TeamVitals, our free team health score, and discover your team's level of transparency and alignment.

Let's imagine a marketing team working on a new campaign. Clear communication would involve the team members openly discussing their ideas, actively listening to each other, and providing feedback without hesitation. They would articulate their thoughts clearly and succinctly, ensuring everyone understands the objectives, timelines, and expectations. With clear communication, the team can collaborate effectively, leverage their diverse skills, and create a successful campaign.

As a leader, you can encourage clear communication by setting an example. Be open, honest, and clear with your expectations and feedback. And remember, it's a two-way street - listen to your team members and value their input. As a teammate, you can do your part by being open to feedback and willing to discuss issues. You can also ask questions if something isn't clear. Going back to our rocket example, it's like making sure everyone knows what their part looks like, where it goes, and asking if anyone needs help. By fostering this environment of openness and collaboration, you're helping your team's communication—and that rocket—soar to new heights!

2. Natural collaboration

When a team naturally collaborates, they're like a well-oiled machine. It's not just about working together, but working together effortlessly. Picture a basketball team. The players pass the ball to each other without even looking. They know where their teammates are, they trust them to be there, and they work together to score points. That's natural collaboration. It's not forced or awkward. It just flows.

You'll know natural collaboration when you see it. The signs? People freely sharing ideas, asking for input, and building on each other's thoughts. For example, in a brainstorming session, does one person's idea inspire another's? That's natural collaboration. It's a sign that people feel comfortable sharing and that they value each other's input.

To foster natural collaboration, start by creating an open, non-judgmental atmosphere where everyone feels comfortable sharing ideas. As a leader, encourage input and appreciate every idea. As a teammate, be open to other's ideas and be willing to build upon them. Remember, natural collaboration is like a muscle - the more you use it, the stronger it gets. So, keep exercising those collaboration muscles, and before you know it, your team will be passing the ball like pros.

Wondering whether you have a healthy, effective team? Looking for a great activity to use for team building? Download our free Team Health Scorecard and find out today.

3. Supportive and positive environment

A supportive environment is like a safety net for team members. It's knowing that when you take a risk or face a challenge, your team will be there to help you, not judge you. Imagine a new employee who's struggling with a task. Instead of ignoring her or criticizing her, her teammates step in to offer help and guidance. That's a supportive environment in action - it's about lifting each other up, not knocking each other down.

Spotting a supportive environment is often as simple as listening to how team members talk to each other. Are they patient and understanding? Do they offer help without being asked? For instance, if a member of a marketing team is having trouble with a presentation, do his colleagues offer to review his slides, give feedback, and share tips from their own experiences? That's a sign of a supportive environment.

Building a supportive environment starts with setting an example. As a leader, make sure to offer help and support to your team members, and recognize them when they do the same. As a teammate, be there for your colleagues, even when you're busy or stressed. It's not always easy, but the pay-off - a team that's more resilient, more cooperative, and more successful - is worth it.

4. Healthy competition

Healthy competition is a key driver for motivation and innovation in any team. It's like a friendly race, where everyone's trying to do their best while also cheering on their colleagues. Imagine a sales team where each member is striving to make the most sales. They're all aiming for the top spot, but they also share tips and cheer each other on. That's healthy competition - it pushes everyone to excel without creating a cutthroat environment.

Recognizing healthy competition isn't hard. Look for teams where everyone is motivated and energized, where they're all pushing to do their best but also celebrating each other's successes. For example, in a design team, one member might create an amazing new logo. Instead of feeling jealous, his teammates are inspired. They congratulate him and then get to work, each trying to come up with their own great design.

Encouraging healthy competition is a delicate balance. As a leader, it's important to set clear, fair rules for any competition and to ensure that everyone feels recognized for their contributions. As a teammate, it's important to engage in competition in a spirit of fairness and respect. Remember, the goal is not just to win, but to make everyone in the team better.

5. Constructive feedback

Constructive feedback is an essential building block of high-performing teams. It's the process of providing helpful, specific, and positive suggestions to improve performance and development. Think about a scenario where a graphic designer is working on a brand's logo. Her team leader doesn't just say, "I don't like it." Instead, he gives specific suggestions like, "Let's try using our company colors," or "Could you make the font a bit more modern?" This feedback is constructive, actionable, and encourages growth.

Spotting constructive feedback is as simple as observing communication that aims to build, not break. It is not personal, not generic, and not negative without a purpose. It's about growth and improvement. An example could be a software developer receiving feedback from a peer, "Your code works well, but it might be more efficient if you consider using this algorithm instead. It could reduce the execution time."

Encouraging the development of constructive feedback within a team is a shared responsibility. As a leader, foster an environment where feedback is seen as a tool for improvement, not as criticism. Regularly share constructive feedback and be open to receiving it. As a teammate, practice giving and receiving feedback respectfully and professionally. Remember, the goal of feedback is to help each other grow and make the team stronger.

6. Strong leadership

Leadership is a critical component of any successful team. However, strong leadership goes beyond just giving orders. It involves guiding the team towards its goals, empowering team members, and fostering a positive work environment. For example, a project manager at a tech company doesn't just assign tasks; she takes the time to understand her team members' strengths, delegates tasks accordingly, and provides constructive feedback to help them grow.

Recognizing strong leadership isn't always about grand gestures. It's often seen in the day-to-day operations of the team. Look for leaders who maintain open lines of communication, demonstrate empathy, and take responsibility when things go wrong. A sales team leader, for instance, doesn't blame his team when a deal falls through. Instead, he analyzes what went wrong, shares the learnings with the team, and strategizes on how to improve moving forward.

To cultivate strong leadership, it's essential to promote transparency, accountability, and continuous learning. As a leader, model these behaviors. For instance, be open about the team's progress, take responsibility for your actions, and show a willingness to learn and improve. As a teammate, support your leader in these endeavors. Offer feedback when necessary and step up to take the lead when you can. Remember, leadership is not just about leading others; it's about leading oneself as well.

7. Effective conflict resolution

When you picture a great team, you might imagine a group that never disagrees. But that's not the whole picture. Even the best teams face conflicts, and it's their ability to resolve these effectively that sets them apart. Effective conflict resolution means turning disagreements into opportunities for growth, rather than letting them breed resentment or stall progress. For instance, if two graphic designers disagree on a design element, rather than insisting on their own ideas, they brainstorm and come up with a better design that incorporates both their viewpoints.

Recognizing effective conflict resolution in a team can be quite simple. Look for disagreements that end in understanding, not standoffs. Check if conflicts lead to better solutions, not lingering resentment. For instance, in a project team, if there's a disagreement about the project timeline, does it devolve into a blame game, or does it lead to a productive discussion about how to manage time and resources more effectively?

As a leader, foster an environment where disagreement is allowed, but disrespect is not. Encourage open communication and active listening. When conflicts arise, guide your team to focus on the problem, not the person. As a teammate, approach disagreements with an open mind and a willingness to understand the other viewpoint. Remember, the goal is not to 'win' the argument, but to find the best solution for the team. This way, conflicts can become stepping stones to innovation, rather than roadblocks to success.

8. Collective ownership of team goals

Ever seen a football team celebrate a goal? That's collective ownership of team goals in action. In the workplace, it's about everyone feeling invested in the success of the team, not just their individual tasks. When a team shares this kind of mindset, their unity shows in their enthusiasm, shared problem-solving, and a sense of satisfaction when team goals are reached. For example, a marketing team might not only be excited about their individual tasks, like writing copy or designing ads, but also about the overall goal of boosting the company's brand recognition.

Recognizing collective ownership is like picking up on a team's vibe. Are team members just checking off their personal task lists, or are they actively engaged in the broader team goals? Do they celebrate team wins together, or only when they've personally succeeded? Let's consider a software development team: if a bug pops up, is everyone's first thought, "Not my code, not my problem," or do they come together to find a solution because they understand that the quality of the product is a shared responsibility?

Fostering collective ownership starts with clear, shared goals. As a leader, communicate the big picture and how each person's work contributes to it. Celebrate team achievements, not just individual ones. As a teammate, remind yourself that the team's success is your success. Offer help when you can and accept help when you need it. The beauty of collective ownership is that it's a team effort – much like scoring that goal in football. By encouraging this mindset, you can transform a group of individuals into a cohesive, high-performing team.

Examples of bad team dynamics in the workplace

However, there are just as many examples of bad team dynamics. And, while effective team dynamics lead to happier, higher-performing teams, ineffective team dynamics lead to the opposite outcomes: decreased productivity and morale, increased turnover and absenteeism, negative impact on team and individual performance, loss of trust and respect among team members, and even harmful effects on mental health and well-being. In fact, people sometimes point to examples of a bad team member that actually reflect examples of bad team dynamics!

Here are five things to look out for to suggest that teams are not exhibiting effective team dynamics.

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1. Lack of communication and poor collaboration among team members

Just like a game of charades gone wrong, lack of communication in a team is easy to spot. Do you notice teammates often seem surprised or confused about tasks? Do team members feel out of the loop or find out about decisions too late? It's like showing up for a test you didn't know was scheduled. These are clear signs that communication within the team isn't up to par.

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Imagine being part of a school project where each person has a part to play. Your task is to create a presentation, but you're not told the topic until the last minute. The result? A rushed, poor quality project that leaves everyone frustrated. This is what can happen in a team when there's a lack of communication.

As a leader, think of yourself as a football coach. It's your job to make sure everyone knows the game plan. Regular team meetings, clear instructions, and open-door policies can help. Also, promoting a culture where questions are encouraged can eliminate confusion.

If you're a teammate, don't hesitate to ask for clarification like you would in class. Proactively share updates about your work and encourage others to do the same. Remember, in a successful team, everyone is both a talker and a listener. Just like a successful band, everyone needs to know the song to play in harmony.

2. Formation of cliques or sub-groups

Workplace cliques can feel eerily similar to those high school lunchroom divides. If certain groups of coworkers always huddle up for coffee breaks, lunches, or office discussions, leaving others out, then you might have a clique situation. It's like being back at school, with a cool kids' table and everyone else scattered around.

Think of it this way: you're in a team of five working on a new product launch. Three of the members, who are close friends, make all the decisions among themselves. They conduct mini-meetings without including the rest of the team. As a result, the other two members often feel excluded and unheard, like they're on the outside looking in. This is how cliques can affect teamwork and productivity in an office setting.

If you're a leader, think of yourself as a fair and just king or queen. Promote a culture of inclusivity by ensuring everyone has a voice in decisions, rotate team tasks, and encourage collaboration among all team members. It's about making sure that everyone in the kingdom feels valued and included.

As a teammate, expand your circle. Talk to different people during breaks, ask for their input on projects, and share your own insights with them. It's like being the friendly student in class who chats with everyone. By doing this, you can help break down the walls of cliques and build a more cohesive and cooperative team.

3. Lack of trust

A lack of trust in a team can feel like trying to finish a group project, but no one wants to share their research. If you notice team members frequently double-checking each other's work, hesitating to share ideas, or not relying on their teammates for help, it's likely there's a trust issue. It's like everyone is playing a game of chess and doesn't want to reveal their moves.

Imagine a relay race where each runner is hesitant to pass the baton, fearing the next person might drop it. This slows down the entire team and reduces their chances of winning. Similarly, in a team project, if members don't trust each other's abilities or intentions, it can slow progress and create an uncomfortable environment.

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As a leader, think of yourself as the team's coach. You can foster trust by assigning tasks that allow team members to showcase their skills, encouraging open communication, and praising team achievements. It's like creating a safe playground where everyone feels confident to try new things.

If you're a team member, be reliable, like the friend who always shows up when they promise to. Deliver your work on time, be open to feedback, and offer your help to others. By demonstrating your trustworthiness, you can help build a stronger bond of trust within the team. Remember, every successful team, like a well-rehearsed band, is built on trust.

4. Overdependence on one person

Overdependence on one person in a team can feel like being in a kitchen where only the head chef is doing all the cooking, prepping, and cleaning. If you observe one team member constantly overloaded with tasks while others are idle, or decisions always hinge on one person's input, then it's likely the team is leaning too heavily on one individual. It's akin to a music band where only one member is expected to sing, play instruments, and write songs.

Consider a software development team where one programmer is the only person who understands a critical part of the code. They're always on call, fixing bugs, and adding new features, while the rest of the team is underutilized. This over-reliance can lead to burnout for that individual, and risk for the project if that person is ever unavailable.

As a leader, see yourself as the conductor of an orchestra. Your role is to ensure every musician plays their part. Distribute tasks evenly, encourage team members to develop a variety of skills, and foster a culture where everyone's input is valued. It's about making sure everyone gets a chance to contribute to the symphony.

As a teammate, don't hesitate to step in. If you notice someone drowning in tasks, offer to share the workload or use this as an opportunity to learn and expand your own skills. By doing this, you help create a more balanced team that can hit all the right notes. Remember, a team, like a successful orchestra, functions best when everyone plays their part.

5. No clear goals

A team without clear goals can feel like a ship sailing without a map. If you find your team members often confused about their tasks, unsure of what the team's priorities are, or if projects seem to drift without a clear endpoint, then there's likely a lack of clear goals. It's similar to a band trying to play a song without knowing the tune.

Imagine a marketing team launching a new campaign. Without clear goals, one team member focuses on increasing social media followers, another is dedicated to website traffic, and another is trying to boost newsletter subscriptions. They're all working hard, but not in a coordinated way. It's like everyone rowing a boat in different directions.

As a leader, you're like the captain of a ship. You need to set the course and make sure everyone on board knows the destination. Clearly define the team's goals, ensure everyone understands their role in reaching those goals, and regularly check-in to keep everyone on track.

As a teammate, don't be afraid to ask for clarity. If you're unsure about the team's goals or your role in achieving them, seek clarification. Also, share your progress regularly and align your work with the team's goals. It's like tuning your instrument to match the rest of the band. With clear goals, everyone can play in harmony.

6. Conflict avoidance

Conflict avoidance in a team can be like a group of friends who never disagree - not because they always think alike, but because they're afraid to argue. If team members often agree quickly without much discussion, or if problems persist without being addressed, then the team might be avoiding conflict. It's like a band whose members never discuss which song to play next, leading to a repetitive playlist.

Consider a product design team. One member consistently misses deadlines, causing delays. Instead of addressing this, the team adjusts their own schedules to compensate. This is like a band adjusting their tempo to a drummer who can't keep time, instead of helping them improve.

As a leader, think of yourself as a referee in a sports game. Your job is to ensure fair play, not to prevent all conflicts. Encourage open and respectful discussions, create a safe environment for feedback, and guide your team in addressing conflicts productively.

As a teammate, don't shy away from disagreement. Remember, it's like suggesting a new song to your band - it might lead to a discussion, but it can also lead to a better playlist. Express your opinions respectfully, listen to others, and work together to find solutions. With the right approach, conflict can be a tool for improvement, not a problem to avoid.

7. Too much competition

Too much competition in a team can be like a sports team where every player is trying to score themselves, instead of working together to win the game. If team members seem more focused on outdoing each other than on achieving the team's goals, or if they're reluctant to share information and resources, you're probably dealing with excessive competition. It's akin to a band where everyone tries to play a solo at the same time, leading to a chaotic performance.

Imagine a sales team where every member is so focused on being the top seller that they withhold successful strategies from each other and even sabotage their teammates' efforts. The result is a hostile environment that hinders the overall sales performance. It's like a soccer team where everyone wants to be the star player, but they end up losing the match.

As a leader, think of yourself as the band's conductor. You should encourage harmony, not discord. Foster a culture of collaboration over competition by setting team-based goals and rewards, promoting knowledge sharing, and celebrating collective achievements.

As a teammate, remember, it's not about outshining everyone else, but about contributing to the team's success. Be open to sharing resources and ideas, and support your colleagues' efforts. It's like playing your part in the band to create a beautiful symphony, not a cacophony. When competition is balanced with cooperation, everyone wins.

8. Micromanagement

Micromanagement in a team can feel like a teacher constantly looking over your shoulder as you take a test. If a team leader is always checking every detail of work, or if team members aren't given the freedom to make decisions or take initiative, then micromanagement could be the problem. It's like a band leader telling each musician not just what to play, but exactly how to play it.

Consider a graphic design team where the manager insists on approving every color, font, and layout choice. The designers feel their creativity is stifled and their time wasted on endless revisions. It's like a conductor telling a violinist which fingers to use for every note, instead of trusting their expertise.

As a leader, remember, you're a guide, not a puppet master. Set clear expectations, then trust your team to meet them. Provide guidance and feedback, but avoid dictating every step. It's like giving the band the sheet music and letting them bring it to life.

As a teammate, communicate your concerns diplomatically and demonstrate your competence. Show that you can hit the right notes without someone constantly adjusting your strings. When leaders and teammates trust each other to do their part, the whole team performs in harmony.

Tips for improving team dynamics

1. Begin with a benchmark for how your team works

To benchmark how a team works, a team leader should first define the team's goals and objectives. They should then identify key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure progress towards those goals. Next, they can analyze the team's current performance against those KPIs and identify areas for improvement.

Consider a team personality test like TeamDynamics to quantitatively define how your team communicates and collaborates to get work done.

The team leader should also gather feedback from team members to understand their perspectives and identify opportunities to enhance collaboration and communication. Finally, the team leader should regularly review and adjust the benchmarking approach to ensure continuous improvement and alignment with the team's evolving needs.

2. Prioritize communication and collaboration

A team leader should prioritize communication and collaboration by setting clear expectations and promoting open dialogue among team members. This can be achieved by establishing regular check-ins and encouraging feedback from team members. Additionally, the leader should create a culture of transparency and inclusivity, where all members feel valued and heard. It's also important for the leader to model good communication and collaboration practices and to provide training and resources to team members as needed. By prioritizing communication and collaboration, a team leader can build a strong, cohesive team that is able to achieve its goals effectively.

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3. Create a supportive and positive work environment

To create a supportive and positive work environment, a team leader should start by fostering open and honest communication. They should encourage their team members to share their thoughts and ideas, and provide them with the resources they need to succeed. Additionally, a team leader should actively promote teamwork and collaboration, and recognize and reward their team members' achievements. They should also be approachable and empathetic, and be willing to provide support and guidance when needed. Finally, a team leader should lead by example and demonstrate a positive attitude, as their behavior can set the tone for the entire team.

4. Foster healthy competition and constructive feedback

To foster healthy competition and constructive feedback in a team, a leader should first establish clear performance metrics and goals that are attainable yet challenging. Encourage team members to support and collaborate with each other while still maintaining a level of healthy competition. Provide regular constructive feedback to each team member and encourage them to provide feedback to each other in a constructive manner. Celebrate team successes and encourage members to learn from any failures or setbacks. Encourage a culture of continuous improvement and provide opportunities for skill-building and professional development.

5. Encourage collective ownership of team goals and responsibilities

A team leader can encourage collective ownership of team goals and responsibilities in several ways. Firstly, they should ensure that every team member understands their role and how their contributions fit into the bigger picture. Secondly, they can create opportunities for collaboration and teamwork, such as group brainstorming sessions or team-building activities. Thirdly, they should provide regular feedback and recognition to individual team members for their contributions. Fourthly, they can facilitate regular team meetings to discuss progress, challenges, and solutions. Finally, the team leader should lead by example and show their commitment to the team's goals by actively participating and modeling the desired behaviors.

In summary

The bottom line is that high-performing teams don’t just happen. They are the result of understanding your team dynamics and using that understanding to create the right environment for success. Applied properly, team dynamics provide a robust vocabulary and toolkit to enhance your team’s effectiveness. And when a team gets it right, the results can be spectacular.